Hard words, said out loud.

Say it: ab-DUK-shun

Moving a limb away from the midline.

In the app: Day 11, Describing movement Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: ad-DUK-shun

Moving a limb back towards the midline.

In the app: Day 11, Describing movement Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: AG-uh-nist

The muscle that makes a movement happen. In a curl, the biceps.

In the app: Day 5, Directions and muscle pairs Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The tiny air sacs at the end of the airways, wrapped in capillaries. This is where gas exchange happens.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

Not using oxygen.

Explained on: Energy systems

The reference pose: standing tall, facing forward, arms by the sides, palms forward.

In the app: Day 11, Describing movement Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

The muscle on the opposite side that relaxes to let a movement happen. In a curl, the triceps.

In the app: Day 5, Directions and muscle pairs Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

Say it: an-TEER-ee-er

The anatomy word for the front of the body.

Everyday: front, the front In the app: Day 5, Directions and muscle pairs Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The body’s main artery. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle out to the body.

Explained on: The heart

Say it: ap-en-DIK-yoo-ler SKEL-ih-tun

Everything that hangs off the central axis: the limbs and the shoulder and hip girdles.

In the app: Day 6, Two skeletons, five bone shapes Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: ar-TIK-yoo-ler KAR-tih-lij

The smooth, slippery layer covering the ends of the bones in a joint.

In the app: Day 9, Inside a joint Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

The formal word for a joint.

Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

An upper chamber of the heart. There is a right and a left atrium.

Explained on: The heart

Say it: AK-see-ul SKEL-ih-tun

The central part of the skeleton: skull, spine, ribs and sternum.

In the app: Day 6, Two skeletons, five bone shapes Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

The most mobile joint type: a rounded head in a cup. Moves every way, including rotation.

In the app: Day 10, Six kinds of moving joint Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Short for biceps brachii, the two-headed muscle at the front of the upper arm.

Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

Say it: BY-seps BRAY-kee-eye

The two-headed muscle at the front of the upper arm. It bends the elbow.

Gym name: bis, guns In the app: Day 2, Muscles: the front Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The two tubes the trachea splits into, one into each lung. They keep branching into the bronchial tree.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The small branches that come off the bronchi. They have muscle in their walls but no cartilage.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

The small bones of the wrist.

Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Gristle. Articular cartilage is the smooth, slippery layer on the ends of the bones in a joint.

Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: kar-tih-LAJ-ih-nuss

Made of cartilage. Cartilaginous joints move slightly, like the ones between vertebrae.

Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: SER-vih-kul spine

The neck region of the spine.

Everyday: neck In the app: Day 7, The spine: five regions Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

Say it: KLAV-ih-kul

The collarbone. It links the sternum to the shoulder.

Everyday: collarbone, collar bone In the app: Day 4, Arms, legs, and what bones do Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: KOK-siks

The tailbone, at the very bottom of the spine.

Everyday: tailbone, tail bone In the app: Day 7, The spine: five regions Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The lifting part of a lift.

Explained on: Lifting tempo

Say it: KON-dih-loyd joynt

An oval head in an oval cup. Bends every way but can't truly rotate. The wrist.

In the app: Day 10, Six kinds of moving joint Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: KRAY-nee-um

The rounded upper part of the skull: a shell of fused bones that protects the brain.

Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

The triangle of muscle that caps the shoulder.

Gym name: delts, delt, shoulder In the app: Day 2, Muscles: the front

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The main breathing muscle. A sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The lowering part of a lift.

Explained on: Lifting tempo

Say it: ih-REK-ter SPY-nee

Columns of muscle either side of the spine that hold it upright.

Gym name: lower back, back extensors In the app: Day 3, Muscles: the back Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

Straightening a joint so its angle opens.

In the app: Day 11, Describing movement Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: FEE-mur

The thigh bone, from hip to knee. The longest bone in the body.

Everyday: thigh bone, thighbone In the app: Day 1, The big bones Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Tough and stringy. Fibrous joints barely move, like the seams in the skull.

Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

The thin outer bone of the lower leg.

In the app: Day 4, Arms, legs, and what bones do Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Bone type: thin and broad, shields organs. Sternum, ribs, cranium.

In the app: Day 6, Two skeletons, five bone shapes Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: FLEK-shun

Bending a joint so its angle closes.

In the app: Day 11, Describing movement Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: gas-trok-NEE-mee-us

The calf muscle you can see. It points the foot in a calf raise.

Gym name: calf, calves, calf muscle In the app: Day 3, Muscles: the back Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

Flat surfaces that slide a little over each other. Between small wrist and ankle bones.

In the app: Day 10, Six kinds of moving joint

Say it: GLOO-tee-us MAK-sih-mus

The biggest muscle in the body, in the buttock. It drives the hips through at the top of a squat.

Gym name: glutes, glute, bum In the app: Day 3, Muscles: the back Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

Say it: GLOO-tee-us MEE-dee-us

A buttock muscle that sits higher and to the side of gluteus maximus.

Say it: GLOO-tee-us MIN-ih-mus

A buttock muscle that sits higher and to the side of gluteus maximus, with gluteus medius.

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

Breaking down glucose (sugar) to make ATP. The first stage needs no oxygen.

Explained on: Energy systems

Three muscles at the back of the thigh that bend the knee.

In the app: Day 3, Muscles: the back Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

A joint that only bends and straightens, like a door. Elbow and knee.

In the app: Day 10, Six kinds of moving joint Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: HYOO-mer-us

The upper arm bone, from shoulder to elbow.

Everyday: upper arm bone, upper arm In the app: Day 1, The big bones Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

Another name the app accepts for articular cartilage.

Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

Muscle growth.

Explained on: Lifting tempo

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

Muscles between the ribs. They move the ribcage when you breathe.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

Bone type: a complex shape that fits no other group. The vertebrae.

In the app: Day 6, Two skeletons, five bone shapes Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

Holding still under load: the pause.

Explained on: Lifting tempo

The tough, fibrous sleeve that seals the joint and holds the fluid in.

In the app: Day 9, Inside a joint Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: ky-FOH-siss

The natural outward curve of the upper back. Too much is a hunch.

In the app: Day 8, The spine: numbers and curves Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

What the glycolytic system produces when it’s running fast. Your body can clear it and reuse it, including in the liver, where it can be turned back into glucose.

Explained on: Energy systems

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The cartilage box between the pharynx and the trachea. It holds the vocal cords. A flap called the epiglottis closes over it when you swallow.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

The word for further from the midline, out to the side.

Everyday: outer, outside In the app: Day 5, Directions and muscle pairs Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: luh-TISS-ih-mus DOR-sye

The widest muscle of the back. It pulls the arm down and back in a pull-up.

Gym name: lats, lat, wings In the app: Day 3, Muscles: the back Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

A strong band that joins bone to bone.

In the app: Day 9, Inside a joint Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Bone type: longer than it is wide, works as a lever. Femur, humerus, tibia.

In the app: Day 6, Two skeletons, five bone shapes Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: lor-DOH-siss

The natural inward curve of the neck and lower back.

In the app: Day 8, The spine: numbers and curves Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

The lower back region of the spine. Five big vertebrae.

Everyday: lower back, low back In the app: Day 7, The spine: five regions Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

Say it: MEE-dee-ul

The word for nearer the midline of the body.

Everyday: inner, inside In the app: Day 5, Directions and muscle pairs Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

The imaginary line down the centre of the body.

In the app: Day 11, Describing movement Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It has two flaps.

Explained on: The heart

Say it: uh-BLEEKS

The muscles on the sides of the waist that twist and side-bend the trunk.

Gym name: sides, love handles, side abs In the app: Day 2, Muscles: the front

Say it: puh-TEL-uh

The kneecap. It sits inside the tendon at the front of the knee.

Everyday: kneecap, knee cap In the app: Day 4, Arms, legs, and what bones do Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: pek-tuh-RAH-liss MAY-jer

The big fan-shaped chest muscle. It pulls the arm across the body in a bench press.

Gym name: pecs, pec, chest In the app: Day 2, Muscles: the front Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

Say it: pek-tuh-RAH-liss MY-ner

A smaller chest muscle that lies underneath pectoralis major.

The ring of bone where the spine meets the legs. Both hip joints sit in it.

Everyday: hip bone, hip bones In the app: Day 1, The big bones Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The muscular tube at the back of the nose and mouth. It carries both air and food.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

An energy store held in muscle. It hands its phosphate to ADP to make ATP again, very quickly.

Explained on: Energy systems

A joint where one bone turns around another. Shaking your head no.

In the app: Day 10, Six kinds of moving joint

Say it: PLAYT-lets

Made in red bone marrow, along with red and white blood cells.

The anatomy word for the back of the body.

Everyday: back, the back In the app: Day 5, Directions and muscle pairs Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

Lying face down.

Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The vessel that carries low-oxygen blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Explained on: The heart

Say it: KWOD-rih-seps

The four-headed muscle group at the front of the thigh. It straightens the knee.

Gym name: quads, quad, thigh In the app: Day 2, Muscles: the front Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The full name for the quadriceps. The app has a sound-spelling for "quadriceps" only.

Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

The forearm bone on the thumb side.

In the app: Day 4, Arms, legs, and what bones do Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: REK-tus ab-DOM-in-iss

The straight muscle down the front of the belly. The six-pack.

Gym name: abs, six pack, sixpack In the app: Day 2, Muscles: the front Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

The tissue inside bones such as the pelvis and sternum that makes blood cells.

In the app: Day 4, Arms, legs, and what bones do Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: SAY-krum

Five fused vertebrae forming a triangle that locks the spine into the pelvis.

In the app: Day 7, The spine: five regions Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

Two saddle-shaped surfaces fitting together. The base of the thumb.

In the app: Day 10, Six kinds of moving joint

Say it: SKAP-yoo-luh

Listed in the app as a flat bone, with the sternum, ribs and cranium.

Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: skoh-lee-OH-siss

A sideways curve of the spine. Not part of its normal shape.

In the app: Day 8, The spine: numbers and curves Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The muscular wall that separates the left side of the heart from the right.

Explained on: The heart

Say it: SESS-uh-moyd bone

Bone type: grows inside a tendon, like the kneecap.

In the app: Day 6, Two skeletons, five bone shapes Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Bone type: about as wide as it is long, gives stability. The carpals of the wrist.

In the app: Day 6, Two skeletons, five bone shapes Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: SOH-lee-us

A calf muscle that lies underneath the gastrocnemius.

The flat bone down the middle of the chest that most ribs attach to.

Everyday: breastbone, breast bone In the app: Day 1, The big bones Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: SOO-pine

Lying face up.

Explained on: Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Say it: sy-NOH-vee-ul FLOO-id

The thick, slippery liquid that lubricates the joint.

In the app: Day 9, Inside a joint Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: sy-NOH-vee-ul joynt

The group of joints that move freely, like the knee and shoulder.

In the app: Day 10, Six kinds of moving joint Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: sy-NOH-vee-ul MEM-brayn

The thin lining inside the capsule that makes synovial fluid.

In the app: Day 9, Inside a joint Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: sy-NOH-vee-um

Another name for the synovial membrane.

Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

The short bones of the ankle.

Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

The tough cord that attaches a muscle to a bone.

In the app: Day 9, Inside a joint Explained on: Types of joints, inside a joint, and the five bone shapes

Say it: thor-ASS-ik spine

The upper and middle back region of the spine, where the ribs attach.

Everyday: upper back, middle back In the app: Day 7, The spine: five regions Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

The chest.

The thick shin bone that carries the body's weight below the knee.

Everyday: shin bone, shinbone In the app: Day 4, Arms, legs, and what bones do Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

Say it: tib-ee-AH-liss an-TEER-ee-er

The muscle down the front of the shin that pulls the toes up.

Gym name: shin, shins, shin muscle In the app: Day 2, Muscles: the front Explained on: Agonist and antagonist: muscle pairs

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The tube from the larynx down into the chest. C-shaped rings of cartilage hold it open.

Explained on: The lungs and breathing

Say it: truh-PEE-zee-us

The kite-shaped muscle from the base of the skull across the shoulders and down the middle back.

Gym name: traps, trap In the app: Day 3, Muscles: the back

Short for triceps brachii, the three-headed muscle at the back of the upper arm.

Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

Say it: TRY-seps BRAY-kee-eye

The three-headed muscle at the back of the upper arm. It straightens the elbow.

Gym name: tris, tri In the app: Day 3, Muscles: the back Explained on: Muscles worked in a squat, deadlift, press-up and pull-up

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It usually has three flaps.

Explained on: The heart

The forearm bone on the little-finger side. It forms the point of the elbow.

In the app: Day 4, Arms, legs, and what bones do Explained on: How many bones are in the human body?

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

The two big veins that bring low-oxygen blood from the body back into the right atrium.

Explained on: The heart

No sound-spelling in the app yet.

A lower chamber of the heart. The ventricles pump blood out.

Explained on: The heart

Say it: VER-tuh-bruh

One bone of the spine. Two or more are vertebrae.

Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves

Say it: VER-tuh-bray

The individual bones stacked to form the spine.

Everyday: spine bones, back bones In the app: Day 7, The spine: five regions Explained on: The spine: regions, vertebrae and curves